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Uncovering New Rare Disease Patients Using Structured and Unstructured Real-World Data

Learn how integrated structured and unstructured real-world data helped identify rare disease patients, quantify the addressable population, and strengthen commercial and payer strategies ahead of launch.

  • Identified hidden rare disease patients with integrated real-world data
  • Quantified the addressable patient population with confidence
  • Strengthened launch and payer strategies with actionable insights

Key Results

Quantified the Rare Disease Population with Confidence

Challenge

A global pharmaceutical company preparing for its first drug launch needed to quantify a rare disease patient population that was difficult to identify due to a lack of ICD-10 diagnosis codes for the condition; build its commercial, payer, and physician education and targeting strategies; identify key decision makers and HCPs to target for commercial affairs purposes; and create a robust health economics and outcomes research (HEOR) story to share with payers.

The primary challenge was the lack of a formal diagnosis code for the rare disease, making it nearly impossible to identify patients using conventional claims and structured EHR data. Without structured RWD that could reliably indicate disease presence, the company was unable to discern the patient population with high confidence.

Solution

Using NorstellaLinQ, Norstella developed a robust, unified dataset integrating U.S. open claims, closed claims, labs, and unstructured EHR clinical notes to provide comprehensive insights into the potential addressable rare disease population.

To address the lack of formal diagnostic coding, Norstella used:

  • Advanced machine learning on unstructured EHR clinical notes: Norstella applied a large language model (LLM) to clinical notes for patients with the potential disease of interest. Norstella refined this model via multi-agent modeling and manual clinical review to reduce false positives and accurately identify true disease cases.
  • Pattern recognition in structured data: Norstella linked patients confirmed via unstructured EHR notes with their structured data to uncover patterns and identify additional potential patients appearing within the structured data only.
  • Longitudinal patient tracking: NorstellaLinQ enabled patient across open claims, structured EHR, and closed claims databases, providing granular insights into patient journeys, provider interactions, and healthcare resource utilization.

Outcome

With NorstellaLinQ, the client was able to pinpoint healthcare providers who frequently treated suspected and confirmed rare disease patients and allowing for a more strategic and differentiated approach to provider engagement and targeting. At the JP Morgan Healthcare Conference, the client publicly shared the quantified estimate of the rare disease population derived from Norstella’s analysis. No previous studies had been able to identify these patients with high confidence, and the client integrated these insights into their press release and investor discussions, demonstrating a strong data-driven market entry strategy.

With a well-defined patient population and resource utilization insights, the client is now leveraging Norstella’s data to develop robust payer strategies. The ability to track patients across closed claims played a pivotal role in negotiating reimbursement rates and demonstrating the economic value of its upcoming drug launch.

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Frequently asked questions

Everything You Need to Know

How can structured and unstructured real-world data improve rare disease patient identification?

By combining claims, laboratory data, structured EHR records and unstructured clinical notes, integrated real-world data enables pharmaceutical companies to identify rare disease patients who cannot be found using structured data alone.

Why is unstructured EHR data valuable for rare disease research?

Clinical notes often contain diagnostic details that are not captured by ICD-10 codes or structured EHR fields. Applying machine learning and clinical review to unstructured EHR data helps identify true rare disease cases with greater accuracy.

How does machine learning support rare disease patient identification?

Machine learning analyzes unstructured clinical notes to detect potential disease cases, while advanced modeling and manual clinical review improve accuracy by reducing false positives and validating patient identification.

How can integrated real-world data strengthen launch and payer strategies?

Quantifying the addressable patient population and tracking longitudinal patient journeys gives manufacturers the evidence needed to improve provider targeting, support HEOR initiatives, strengthen payer value discussions and prepare for successful product launches.

What business outcomes did Norstella deliver in this case study?

Norstella identified hidden rare disease patients, quantified the addressable patient population with high confidence, enabled more strategic provider engagement, strengthened payer negotiations and provided data that supported investor communications and launch planning.

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